Indicate in CRS Metadata the Order of Elements in Horizontal Coordinate Pairs

Recommendation Details: There is no universal agreement regarding the order of horizontal coordinate pairs (i.e., (longitude, latitude) vs. (latitude, longitude)) in Earth Science data products.  Axis ordering may be specified in the full description of the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) as given in a registry such as EPSG.  If the order is not specified in a registered CRS, or the CRS is not in a registry, we recommend using the optional axis order keyword in the well-known text (WKT) representation of a CRS (ISO 19162:2019).  The order keyword can be added after the mandatory direction keyword as shown in this example:

AXIS["longitude",east,ORDER[1]],

AXIS["latitude",north,ORDER[2]],

If a CRS is not specified using WKT, then we recommend that ISO 6709 be followed, which states that the following shall apply when no CRS is provided:

a) within a coordinate tuple, the latitude value shall precede the longitude value;

b) latitudes on or north of the equator shall be positive, latitudes south of the equator shall be negative;

c) longitudes on or east of the prime meridian shall be positive, longitudes west of the prime meridian shall be negative. The 180th meridian shall be negative. The prime meridian shall be Greenwich;

References:

ISO 19162:2019 Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems

ISO 6709:2022 Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates