Temporal Extent (Granule)

Element Description

The Temporal Extent element describes when the data for a granule were acquired or collected.

Best Practices

Dates provided in CMR metadata should comply with the ISO 8601 Standard, which is an International Standard for the representation of dates and times.

The Data Product Development Guide for Data Producers offers the following guidance about time:

"The CF Conventions represent time as an integer or float, with the units attribute set to the time
unit since an epochal time, represented as YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss (e.g., “seconds since 1993-01-
01T00:00:00Z”). Unless there is a strongly justifiable reason not to do so, use the UTC Time Zone
instead of alternative time zones.
The date-time information in the file should adhere to the following guidelines (detailed in [26], Rec.
3.11):
• Adopt the ISO 8601 standard [51] [52] for date-time information representation.
• If describing time intervals, the start time should appear before the end time.
• Date-time fields representing the temporal extent of a file’s data should appear before any
other date-time field in the file name.
• All date-time fields should have the same format."

There are two options in the UMM at the granule level for describing the temporal extent of data: Range Date Time and Single Date Time.

Using different temporal extent representations between collection and granule level metadata are allowed, as long as it makes logical sense. For example, Single Date Time could be used to describe temporal coverage at the granule level, whereas a Range Date Time may be used to describe temporal coverage at the collection level. It is important that the temporal extent at the collection level be in sync with the temporal extent provided in associated granule level metadata files.

Single Date Time

The Single Date Time element should be used if data were captured instantaneously (i.e. a single time stamp sufficiently describes the temporal extent of the data). For example, if a data file contains an image that was taken by a camera, the time stamp associated with the time the image was taken would be listed as the Single Date Time in the granule level metadata. Single Date Time may also be used in the collection level metadata if appropriate. If the exact time of data capture is known, it is strongly recommended that the time be included in the Single Date Time. If the exact time of data collection is unknown, it is okay to just provide a date.

Examples:

SingleDateTime: 2018-11-11T14:53:32Z

SingleDateTime: 2017-04-14T05:26:22Z

Range Date Time

The Range Date Time element should be used when a continuous time range is appropriate to describe the temporal extent of data. Range Date Time is composed of two sub-elements: Beginning Date Time and Ending Date Time, which describe the start and end time of a data file or a collection.

Examples:

BeginningDateTime: 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z

EndingDateTime: 2020-11-30T23:59:99Z

Element Specification

Choice of:

(1) SingleDateTime

If SingleDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

Model	Element	Type	Constraints	Required?	Cardinality	Notes
UMM-G	TemporalExtent/SingleDateTime	string	n/a	Yes, if applicable	1	Dates must comply with the ISO 8601 Standard.

(2) RangeDateTime

If RangeDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

Model	Element	Type	Constraints	Required?	Cardinality	Notes
UMM-G	TemporalExtent/RangeDateTime/BeginningDateTime	string	n/a	Yes, if applicable	1	Dates must comply with the ISO 8601 Standard.
UMM-G	TemporalExtent/RangeDateTime/EndingDateTime	string	n/a	No	0..1

Metadata Validation and QA/QC

All metadata entering the CMR goes through the below process to ensure metadata quality requirements are met. All records undergo CMR validation before entering the system. The process of QA/QC is slightly different for NASA and non-NASA data providers. Non-NASA providers include interagency and international data providers and are referred to as the International Directory Network (IDN).

Please see the expandable sections below for flowchart details.

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ARC Priority Matrix

Priority Categorization	Justification
Red = High Priority Finding	This element is categorized as highest priority when: There is no provided temporal extent. The provided temporal extent is incorrect for the granule. The date provided does not comply with the ISO 8601 Standard.
Yellow = Medium Priority Finding	This element is categorized as medium priority when: A SingleDateTime value can be provided instead of a RangeDateTime.
Blue = Low Priority Finding	Not Applicable
Green = No Findings/Issues	The element is provided and follows all applicable criteria specified in the best practices section above.

ARC Automated Checks

ARC uses the pyQuARC library for automated metadata checks. Please see the pyQuARC GitHub for more information.

Dialect Mappings

ECHO 10

Choice of:

(1) SingleDateTime

If SingleDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ECHO 10 Path

Type

Constraints

Required in ECHO10?

Cardinality

TemporalExtent/

SingleDateTime

Temporal/SingleDateTime

dateTime

n/a

Yes, if applicable

1

(2) RangeDateTime

If RangeDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ECHO 10 Path

Type

Constraints

Required in ECHO10?

Cardinality

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

BeginningDateTime

Temporal/

RangeDateTime/BeginningDateTime

dateTime

n/a

Yes, if applicable

1

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

EndingDateTime

Temporal/

RangeDateTime/EndingDateTime

dateTime

n/a

No

0..1

Example Mapping

ECHO 10

<Temporal>
  <SingleDateTime>2018-08-20T14:13:22Z</SingleDateTime>
</Temporal>

<Temporal>
  <RangeDateTime>
    <BeginningDateTime>1980-01-01T00:00:00Z</BeginningDateTime>
  </RangeDateTime>
</Temporal>

<Temporal>
  <RangeDateTime>
    <BeginningDateTime>1980-01-01T00:00:00Z</BeginningDateTime>
    <EndingDateTime>2010-12-31T23:59:59Z</EndingDateTime>
  </RangeDateTime>>
</Temporal>

UMM

TemporalExtent: [{
    SingleDateTime: "2018-08-20T14:13:22Z"
  }
]

TemporalExtent: [{
  RangeDateTime: [{
    BeginningDateTime: "1980-01-01T00:00:00Z",
  }]
}]

TemporalExtent: [{
  RangeDateTime: [{
    BeginningDateTime: "1980-01-01T00:00:00Z",
    EndingDateTime: "2010-12-31T23:59:59Z"
  }]
}]

ISO 19115-2 MENDS

Choice of:

(1) SingleDateTime

If SingleDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ISO 19115-2 MENDS Path

Type

TemporalExtent/

SingleDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gmd:TimeInstant gml:id="{unique ID}"/gmd:timePosition

dateTime

(2) RangeDateTime

If RangeDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ISO 19115-2 MENDS Path

Type

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

BeginningDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod gml:id="{unique ID}"/gml:beginPosition

dateTime

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

EndingDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod gml:id="{unique ID}"/gml:endPosition

dateTime

Enumeration/Code List Mapping

None

Example Mapping

ISO 19115-2 MENDS

<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent>
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="de532bfaf-4b47-4521-b08f-6a795c796e45">
                                    <gml:timePosition>2018-08-20T14:13:22.000Z</gml:timePosition>
                                </gml:TimeInstant>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="d3581a152-c91f-43ea-940d-29d3fe59d89a">
                                    <gml:timePosition>2018-09-20T14:13:22.000Z</gml:timePosition>
                                </gml:TimeInstant>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
     <gmd:identificationInfo> 
     ... 
<gmi:MI_Metadata>




<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent>
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="d50020500-7b2c-4da6-a340-50df5e2e3a01">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition indeterminatePosition="now"/>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification> 
     <gmd:identificationInfo>
     ...
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
 



<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent> 
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...                    
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="d4f71b8f2-2469-4369-8463-8ae31eee4f97">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition>2010-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:endPosition>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="dabdc7f81-5813-4e84-873f-fb46b71c2f4d">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>2011-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition>2012-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:endPosition>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...    
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification> 
     <gmd:identificationInfo>
     ...
<gmi:MI_Metadata>

UMM

"TemporalExtents": [{
    "SingleDateTimes" : ["2018-08-20T14:13:22Z", "2018-09-20T14:13:22Z"]
}],


"TemporalExtents": [{
    "EndsAtPresentFlag": true,
    "RangeDateTimes": [{
        "BeginningDateTime": "1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
    }]
}],


"TemporalExtents": [{
    "RangeDateTimes": [{
        "BeginningDateTime": "1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
        "EndingDateTime": "2010-12-31T23:59:59Z"
    }, {
        "BeginningDateTime": "2011-12-31T23:59:59Z",
        "EndingDateTime": "2012-12-31T23:59:59Z"
    }]
}]

ISO 19115-2 SMAP

Choice of:

(1) SingleDateTime

If SingleDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ISO 19115-2 SMAP

Type

TemporalExtent/

SingleDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gmd:TimeInstant gml:id="{unique ID}"/gmd:timePosition

dateTime

(2) RangeDateTime

If RangeDateTime is selected, the cardinality is 1..*

UMM-C Element

ISO 19115-2 SMAP

Type

Notes

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

BeginningDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod gml:id="{unique ID}"/gml:beginPosition

dateTime

TemporalExtent/

RangeDateTime/

EndingDateTime

[=>/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod gml:id="{unique ID}"/gml:endPosition

dateTime

Enumeration/Code List Mapping

None

Example Mapping

ISO 19115-2 SMAP

<gmd:DS_Series>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent>
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="de532bfaf-4b47-4521-b08f-6a795c796e45">
                                    <gml:timePosition>2018-08-20T14:13:22.000Z</gml:timePosition>
                                </gml:TimeInstant>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="d3581a152-c91f-43ea-940d-29d3fe59d89a">
                                    <gml:timePosition>2018-09-20T14:13:22.000Z</gml:timePosition>
                                </gml:TimeInstant>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...
          <gmd:MD_DataIdentification> 
     <gmd:identificationInfo>
     ... 
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmd:DS_Series>




<gmd:DS_Series>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent>
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="d50020500-7b2c-4da6-a340-50df5e2e3a01">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition indeterminatePosition="now"/>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...
         <gmd:MD_DataIdentification> 
     <gmd:identificationInfo> 
     ... 
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmd:DS_Series>
 



<gmd:DS_Series>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
    ...
    <gmd:identificationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_DataIdentification>
            ...
            <gmd:extent> 
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
                    ...                    
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="d4f71b8f2-2469-4369-8463-8ae31eee4f97">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition>2010-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:endPosition>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                    <gmd:temporalElement>
                        <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                            <gmd:extent>
                                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="dabdc7f81-5813-4e84-873f-fb46b71c2f4d">
                                    <gml:beginPosition>2011-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:beginPosition>
                                    <gml:endPosition>2012-12-31T23:59:59.000Z</gml:endPosition>
                                </gml:TimePeriod>
                            </gmd:extent>
                        </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                    </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
            </gmd:extent>
            ...    
         <gmd:MD_DataIdentification> 
     <gmd:identificationInfo> 
     ... 
<gmi:MI_Metadata>
<gmd:seriesMetadata>
<gmd:DS_Series>

UMM

"TemporalExtents": [{
    "SingleDateTimes" : ["2018-08-20T14:13:22Z", "2018-09-20T14:13:22Z"]
}],


"TemporalExtents": [{
    "RangeDateTimes": [{
        "BeginningDateTime": "1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
    }]
}],


"TemporalExtents": [{
    "RangeDateTimes": [{
       "BeginningDateTime": "1980-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
       "EndingDateTime": "2010-12-31T23:59:59Z"
    }, {
        "BeginningDateTime": "2011-12-31T23:59:59Z",
        "EndingDateTime": "2012-12-31T23:59:59Z"
    }]
}],

UMM Migration

None

History

UMM Versioning

Version	Date	What Changed
1.6.6	2024-05-01	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6.5 to 1.6.6.
1.6.5	2023-08-23	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6.4 to 1.6.5.
1.6.4	2021-10-06	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6.3 to 1.6.4.
1.6.3	2021-05-03	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6.2 to 1.6.3.
1.6.2	2021-04-21	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6.1 to 1.6.2.
1.6.1	2020-06-05	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.6 to 1.6.1.
1.6	2019-11-04	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.5 to 1.6.
1.5	2019-01-30	No changes were made for Temporal Extents during the transition from version 1.4 to 1.5
1.4	2018-08-01	The UMM-G temporal EndingDateTime was made optional.

ARC Documentation

Version	Date	What Changed	Author
1.0	2024-08-17	Recommendations/priority matrix created in the wiki space	Sheyenne Kirkland

Page tree

Temporal Extent (Granule)

Element Description

Best Practices

Element Specification

Metadata Validation and QA/QC

Dialect Mappings

ECHO 10

ISO 19115-2 MENDS

ISO 19115-2 SMAP

UMM Migration

History

UMM Versioning

ARC Documentation